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Rain plays an important role in agriculture and global weather. It is the most important component of climate and it affects the ecosystem in various ways such as soil erosion, flood, drought, etc. The ability of raindrops to detach soil particles depends upon raindrop size and impact velocity or, in other words, the kinetic energy of raindrop. There exist various classical ways of measurement of rain parameters. Previous acoustic measurement methods rely on the fact that the raindrop falling in water traps some amount of air underwater, which forms an air bubble. The air bubble oscillates at a frequency determined by the size of the air bubble, producing noise. The size of the air bubble, in turn, depends on the size of the drop. Because of the unique characteristics of the underwater noise produced by the raindrop, rainfall measurements are possible from the analysis of this noise. This design is based on the acoustic signals produced by raindrops impacting on the surface of water contained in a sensor assembly. The impact generates low frequency damped pressure waves in water. The low-frequency spectrum of this signal is seen to be consistent and is used for measuring the kinetic energy of the raindrops from which the drop-size distribution and the rain intensity are estimated. The proposed method is tested using Matlab with the available dataset of the raindrop.
Reference Paper: Drop Parameter Estimation from Underwater Noise produced by Raindrop Impact
Author’s Name: T. K. Mani and P. R. Saseendran Pillai
Source: Acoustical Society of America
Year: 2004
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